Additional Resources

Resources

• Statement by Dr. Daniel F. Rex, 1967
  Description

  Statement by Dr. Daniel F. Rex, Director of NCAR Facilities Laboratory, about Russian hail suppression experiments. U.S. scientists were spurred to conduct hail research in part due to Soviet claims of success in hail weather modification techniques.

• Facilities for Atmospheric Research, 1967
  Description

  This issue of Facilities for Atmospheric Research includes an article on the NCAR ice nuclei counter and a piece about hail suppression research in the U.S.S.R. 

• NCAR Staff Notes, September 1968
  Description

  NCAR Staff Notes article about Russian hail suppression techniques.

• Image: Hail rocket, 1970
  Description

  Hail rockets like this one were used to seed clouds with silver iodide. 

• NCAR Staff Notes, September 1976
  Description

  Contains article "Hail Simulated to Study Its Effect on Crops." After the National Hail Research Experiment ended, scientists looked into other ways to study hail and perhaps mitigate its impact on crops. 

• NCAR's assault on the hail problem: The National Hail Research Experiment, 1999
  Description

  This 1999 article includes an interview with NHRE participants. They reflect on the project and its impact over time. Although NHRE didn't lead to proven hail suppression techniques, it did result in the development of new technologies and new research areas at NCAR.

• Image: Charles Knight with Snowflake Model, 2001
  Description

  This shows scientist Charles Knight with an ice crystal model in 2001. This model shows the symmetrical form of snow crystals with the hexagonal structures. The structure of a crystal can help scientists determine the temperature of the cloud and amount of particles in the air when the crystal formed.

• Development of Heterogeneous Ice Nucleation Rate Coefficient Parameterizations …
  Description

  A recent article on atmospheric ice research.

• Hail Experts Highlight Progress in Understanding Damaging Storms, 2022
  Description

  UCAR News article on the Second North American Workshop on Hail & Hailstorms.

• Video: Cloud Science and Aviation, 2020
  Description

  NCAR scientist Christina McCluskey discusses her research on ice crystal formation in clouds, and NCAR pilot Scotty McClain talks about the role of aviation in this type of research.